The continuous nebulisers from PARI (LC SPRINT® and LC PLUS family) are equipped with a valve system that helps to reduce loss of medication significantly. It is most important to keep the mouthpiece in the mouth when breathing out. Inhaling with these nebulisers is very easy, since the nebulising process does not have to be synchronised with the breathing rhythm for them.

Always ask your physician whether a given medication is suitable for inhalation. He or she knows your diagnosis and will perscribe the right medications and dosage you need. Your chemist can also answer some questions about your medications. In general the following applies: given the enormous number of inhalation solutions that are available commercially for the treatment of various respiratory diseases, it is not possible to make any specific recommendations here. Your physician will make decisions regarding your treatment. The following are entirely unsuitable for inhalation with these devices: cough syrups, mouth rinses, balsam preparations or drops that are used as embrocations or with hot water as a "vapour bath". Essential oils or similar products are also unsuitable. Products of this kind are often sticky and viscous; they may impair the function of the device permanently (e. g. by clogging the nozzle). Moreover, many of these products contain essential oils, which can trigger an acute bronchial spasm (a sudden, involuntary constriction of the bronchial system accompanied by shortness of breath), similar to the effect of inhaling hypotonic solutions (e. g. distilled water).

Yes, in general one compressor can be used for inhaling by several patients. In this case, however, it should be ensured that each patient uses his or her own nebuliser. PARI offers several different nebuliser systems, all of which are adapted to the anatomy of the airways. In order to treat the lower airways effectively, it is important to create a droplet spectrum that is appropriate for the respective age group and target areas. Normally, an adult would use the LC SPRINT® Nebuliser (blue nozzle insert) for inhaling. But the correct nebuliser is determined not only by the patient's age but also by the indication. Some medications should ideally be deposited in the peripheral regions of the lungs, others in the central region. The choice of the most suitable nebuliser therefore depends on the lung region in which treatment is to be concentrated. The nebulisers produce progressively finer aerosols, starting with the LC SPRINT® Junior Nebuliser (yellow nozzle insert) and ending with the LC SPRINT® STAR Nebuliser (red nozzle insert). If one is targeting the peripheral regions of the lungs, and/or if the patient's airways are severely obstructed, the PARI LC SPRINT® Junior Nebuliser or LC SPRINT® STAR Nebuliser may be capable of providing treatment more efficiently for an adult than the LC SPRINT® Nebuliser.

The compressors for these two devices are identical in terms of output. The only difference between them is their colour. The difference between PARI JuniorBOY® S and TurboBOY® S is in their accessories and in the nebuliser type that is supplied with them. For example, the PARI JuniorBOY® S includes the LC SPRINT® Junior Nebuliser (yellow nozzle insert). This delivers an even finer aerosol, specially designed for the smaller airways of babies and infants. In addition, a baby mask and BABY Bend are included with this device, for use by small patients who cannot yet inhale through a mouthpiece. The PARI JuniorBOY® S is thus a device containing accessories particularly suitable for use in inhalation therapy by babies and infants. The PARI TurboBOY® S does not include a baby mask or BABY Bend. The PARI LC SPRINT® Nebuliser (blue nozzle insert) included in the package, is ideal for an efficient inhalation therapy for older children and adults.

Yes, when the baby mask is used for inhaling, it is essential to use the BABY Bend as well, because the baby mask does not have an expiratory valve. This means that if the mask fits tightly, the baby cannot exhale. The slots in the BABY Bend enable the used air to be exhaled.

This is the only way to ensure effective inhalation.

Since babies often move their heads vigorously, the mask might slip off even if it were attached with rubber bands. Nebulising with a silicone mask is intended solely for babies and infants, and they must be supervised constantly by an adult when inhaling. The nebuliser should be held in the hand and replaced tightly over the child's mouth and nose after every movement of the head.

The plastic in our Nebulisers is subject to a certain amount of wear caused by mechanical and thermal stresses. The area around the nebuliser nozzle is particularly susceptible. This can even alter the composition of the aerosol droplets, which directly impairs the effectiveness of the treatment. PARI GmbH therefore recommends that you replace certain components of your nebuliser, or the entire nebuliser, the connection tubing and the filter every year if the device is used regularly. To make this easier, we offer convenient PARI Year Packs. These contain all of the individual parts that must be replaced once a year. It is also advisable to replace the nebuliser regularly for hygienical reasons.

The accessories offered fit all BOY® devices from as early as 1996.

Most manufacturers of essential oils recommend to add a few drops to a bowl of hot water and to drape with a towel. However, a nebulisation is technically feasible with all PARI nebulisers, PARI SOLE as a special nebuliser for the upper airways would be the most appropriate device. Some important aspects should be considered for inhalation therapy with essential oils:

• Preparations that contain menthol, campher or cineol might lead to laryngospasms in infants and children under 2 years.
• Patients with asthma or other airway diseases with pronounced underlying airway hyperreactivity might experience breathlessness or an asthma attack when inhaling these substances.
• Preparations of essential oils often contain ethanol which may irritate the lung mucosa if applied in higher concentrations. For alcohol addicts these preparations should be clearly avoided!

 Nebulised essential oils should be used only after consultation with a physician

All PARI compressors generate a certain amount of heat during normal use. The currently applicable standard DIN EN 60601-1 Part 1 for medical electrical equipment defines requirements regarding maximum permissible temperatures for electrically powered medical products. The corresponding tests on our devices were conducted by an external, accredited test laboratory. All of our compressors meet the specifications of the standard cited above.

All of our products are latex-free.

Small amounts of condensation can form in the connection tubing as a result of air humidity and temperature fluctuations. After each nebulising session, you should always switch the compressor on again and blow the tube dry with the Nebuliser disconnected. The instructions for use contain a detailed description of this procedure.

The nebuliser, tube and filter are wearing parts. To ensure that the quality of the therapy remains consistent, these parts should be replaced once a year. For this, PARI offers the convenient Year Packs (see also question 11).

After 200 operating hours or at least once a year. You should check the filter for contamination regularly and replace it sooner if necessary. The instructions for use contain a detailed description of this procedure.

In the home, each family member should use his or her own nebuliser for hygienical reasons. In principle, PARI nebulisers could also be used by several patients. However, according to the hygiene regulations currently in force, this is not permitted unless the nebuliser can also be sterilised (e. g. standard practice in hospitals).

The PARI BOY^® mobile S is suitable for use any where in the world. The PARI BOY^® mobile S includes a universal power supply which can be used with voltages between 100 and 240 V / 50 to 40 Hz. Otherwise a compressor's voltage can be checked on the identification label on the underside of the compressor.

A standard measurement scale has been used for the children's and the adults' peak flow meter for several years. Consequently, the measurement scale does not need to be adjusted to account for age. However, adults' Peak Flow Meters have a wider mouthpiece. Above a certain age, this can make it easier to take peak flow measurements.

The LC SPRINT® BABY Nebuliser generates an extremely fine aerosol. This nebuliser should therefore be used when it is necessary to deliver the aerosol as deeply as possible in a baby's tiny airways. The PARI LC SPRINT® Junior Nebuliser, with the yellow nozzle attachment, creates an aerosol that is not quite as fine. So this nebuliser is very good for treating the central-intermediate regions of babies' and infants' lungs.

This may be due to any of the following reasons:

1. The nozzle insert in the nebuliser is missing

2. Nozzle blocked (also possible with the LC SPRINT® family). Check the nozzle first. If there are crystalline deposits (e.g. lime residue) in the nozzle, it may be possible to remove them simply by squeezing the flexible nozzle with your thumb (however, this only works with the LC SPRINT® nozzle because it is flexible). For more stubborn blockage, it often helps to clean the nozzle again by boiling the nebuliser. This is also possible for cleaning the LC PLUS Nebuliser nozzle. With the PARI LL Nebuliser, you can also clean the nozzle gently with the nozzle cleaner supplied with it (in the nebuliser lower section). See instructions for use. Please note that the small holes must be poked through very carefully and only from the nozzle underside.

3. The air-flow control on the PARI LL Nebuliser is not pushed up as far as it will go. Also check whether the air-flow control is attached to the nozzle securely. If it is not, press it firmly onto the nozzle and then try operating your nebuliser again.

4. Not enough medication in the nebuliser. Make sure that the medication in the nebuliser reaches the fill mark. Minimum: 2ml, Maximum: 8ml.

Due to the technical design of the system, a certain residual volume is always remains in the nebuliser. Therefore, you should stop inhaling as soon as you hear a clear change in the sound the nebuliser makes (from a quiet hiss to bubbling) and the aerosol mist escapes from the nebuliser irregularly.